NERVOUS SYSTEM + BRAIN FUNCTION

Anxiety 

• ANXIETY + DEPRESSION: Journal of Medicinal Food Vol. 21, No. 2 - Hericium erinaceus Extract Reduces Anxiety and Depressive Behaviors by Promoting Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the Adult Mouse Brain Sun Ryu, Hyoun Geun Kim, Joo Youn Kim, Seong Yun Kim, and Kyung-Ok Cho - Published Online:1 Feb 2018.

• ANXIETY + DEPRESSION: Nagano M, Shimizu K, Kondo R, Hayashi C, Sato D, Kitagawa K, et al. Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake. Biomed Res. 2010;31:231–7.

• ANXIETY + DEPRESSION: Socala K, Nieoczym D, Grzywnowicz K, Stefaniuk D, Wlaz P. Evaluation of Anticonvulsant, Antidepressant-, and Anxiolytic-like Effects of an Aqueous Extract from Cultured Mycelia of the Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) in Mice. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2015;17(3):209-18. doi: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v17.i3.10. PMID: 25954905.

• ANTI-ANXIETY: Singh R, Dhingra GS, Shri R. Evaluation of Antianxiety Potential of Four Ganoderma (Agaricomycetes) Species from India in Mice. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2016;18(11):991-998. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v18.i11.40. PMID: 28008811.

Depression

• DEPRESSION + ANXIETY: Journal of Medicinal Food Vol. 21, No. 2 - Hericium erinaceus Extract Reduces Anxiety and Depressive Behaviors by Promoting Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the Adult Mouse Brain Sun Ryu, Hyoun Geun Kim, Joo Youn Kim, Seong Yun Kim, and Kyung-Ok Cho - Published Online:1 Feb 2018.

• DEPRESSION + ANXIETY: Nagano M, Shimizu K, Kondo R, Hayashi C, Sato D, Kitagawa K, et al. Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake. Biomed Res. 2010;31:231–7.

• DEPRESSION: Lew SY, Teoh SL, Lim SH, Lim LW, Wong KH. Discovering the Potentials of Medicinal Mushrooms in Combating Depression - A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2020;20(15):1518-1531. doi:10.2174/1389557520666200526125534

• DEPRESSION: Yu-En Lin, Yi-Chun Chen, Kuan-Hung Lu, Yun-Ju Huang, Suraphan Panyod, Wei-Ting Liu, Shu-Hui Yang, Yun-Sheng Lu, Mei-Hsing Chen, Lee-Yan Sheen, Antidepressant-like effects of water extract of Cordyceps militaris (Linn.) Link by modulation of ROCK2/PTEN/Akt signaling in an unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced animal model, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 276, 2021, 114194, ISSN 0378-8741, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114194 (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874121004219)

• DEPRESSION: Li, B., et al., 3'-Deoxyadenosine (Cordycepin) Produces a Rapid and Robust Antidepressant Effect via Enhancing Prefrontal AMPA Receptor Signaling Pathway. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 2016. 19(4).

• DEPRESSION: Pit Shan Chong, Man-Lung Fung, Kah Hui Wong, & Lee Wei Lim. (2019, December 25). Therapeutic Potential of Hericium erinaceus for Depressive Disorder. MDPI Open Access Journals. https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/1/163

• DEPRESSION: Mayumi Nagano, M., Kuniyoshi Shimizu, Ryuichiro Kondo, Chickako Hayashi, Daigo Sato, Katsuyuki Kitagawa, & Koichiro Ohnuki. (2010). Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake. J-STAGE. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/biomedres/31/4/31_4_231/_article

• DEPRESSION: Chun-Hung Chiu, C.-H., Charng-Cherng Chyau, Chin-Chu Chen, Li-Ya Lee, Wan-Ping Chen, Jia-Ling Liu, Wen-Hsin Lin, & Mei-Chin Mong. (2018, January 24). Erinacine A-Enriched Hericium erinaceus Mycelium Produces Antidepressant-Like Effects through Modulating BDNF/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling in Mice. MDPI. https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/2/341

• DEPRESSION: Hirokazu Matsuzaki, Yuta Shimizu, Naohiro Iwata, Shinya Kamiuchi, Fumiko Suzuki, Hiroshi Iizuka, Yasuhide Hibino & Mari Okazaki, H. (2013, December 26). Antidepressant-like effects of a water-soluble extract from the culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum mycelia in rats - BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. BioMed Central. https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-13-37 

Neuroplasticity

• MEMORY: Mori, K., Obara, Y., Moriya, T., Inatomi, S., & Nakahata, N. (2011). Effects of Hericium erinaceus on amyloid β(25-35) peptide-induced learning and memory deficits in mice. Biomedical research (Tokyo, Japan), 32(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.32.67

• MEMORY: Lee, B., Park, J., Park, J. et al. Cordyceps Militaris improves neurite outgrowth in Neuro2A cells and reverses memory impairment in rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 20, 1599–1608 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-011-0221-4

• MEMORY: Federico Brandalise, F., Valentina Cesaroni, Andrej Gregori, Margherita Repetti, Chiara Romano, Germano Orrù, Laura Botta, Carolina Girometta, Maria Lidia Guglielminetti, Elena Savino, & Paola Rossi. (2017, January 1). Dietary Supplementation of Hericium erinaceus Increases Mossy Fiber-CA3 Hippocampal Neurotransmission and Recognition Memory in Wild-Type Mice. Hindawi. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2017/3864340/

• MEMORY: Ramón Martínez-Mármol, YeJin Chai, Jacinta N. Conroy, Zahra Khan, Seong-Min Hong, Seon Beom Kim, Rachel S. Gormal, Dae Hee Lee, Jae Kang Lee, Elizabeth J. Coulson, Mi Kyeong Lee, Sun Yeou Kim, Frédéric A. Meunier. Hericerin derivatives activates a pan-neurotrophic pathway in central hippocampal neurons converging to ERK1/2 signaling enhancing spatial memory. Journal of Neurochemistry. 

• MEMORY: Lee, B., Park, J., Park, J. et al. Cordyceps Militaris improves neurite outgrowth in Neuro2A cells and reverses memory impairment in rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 20, 1599–1608 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-011-0221-4

• MEMORY: Deng-Bo Ji, Jia Ye,Chang-Ling Li, Yu-Hua Wang, Jiong Zhao, Shao-Qing Cai. (2008, September 19). Antiaging effect of Cordyceps sinensis extract. Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.2576

• NEUROTROPHIC: Se Hwan Ryu, Seong Min Hong, Zahra Khan, Seul Ki Lee, Manjunatha Vishwanath, Ayman Turk, Sang Won Yeon, Yang Hee Jo, Dae Hee Lee, Jae Kang Lee, Bang Yeon Hwang, Jae-Kyung Jung, Sun Yeou Kim, Mi Kyeong Lee, Neurotrophic isoindolinones from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Volume 31, 2021, 127714, ISSN 0960-894X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127714

• NEUROTROPHIC: Ryu, S. H., Hong, S. M., Khan, Z., Lee, S. K., Vishwanath, M., Turk, A., Yeon, S. W., Jo, Y. H., Lee, D. H., Lee, J. K., Hwang, B. Y., Jung, J. K., Kim, S. Y., & Lee, M. K. (2021). Neurotrophic isoindolinones from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 31, 127714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127714 

• NEUROTROPHIC: Lai, P. L., Naidu, M., Sabaratnam, V., Wong, K. H., David, R. P., Kuppusamy, U. R., Abdullah, N., & Malek, S. N. (2013). Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia. International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 15(6), 539–554. https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushr.v15.i6.30 

• NEUROTROPHIC: Association for the Advancement of Restorative Medicine. (n.d.). Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus). https://restorativemedicine.org/library/monographs/lions-mane/

• NEUROTROPHIC: Kum Ju Park, Sang-Yun Lee, Hyun-Su Kim, Matsumi Yamazaki, Kenzo Chiba, And Hyo-Cheol Ha. (2007, March 31). The Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Effects of Tremella fuciformis in PC12h Cells. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3763079/

• COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: The Association between Mushroom Consumption and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Singapore https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad180959

• COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: Mori, K., Inatomi, S., Ouchi, K., Azumi, Y., & Tuchida, T. (2009). Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytotherapy research : PTR, 23(3), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2634

• COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: Koichiro Mori, Satoshi Inatomi, Kenzi Ouchi, Yoshihito Azumi, & Takashi Tuchida. (2008, October 10). Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.2634

• COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: Hyun-Jung Park, Hyun Soo Shim, Yong Ho Ahn, Kyung Soo Kim, Kum Ju Park, Woong Ki Choi, Hyo-Cheol Ha, Jung Il Kang, Tae Seok Kim, Ik Hyun Yeo, Jin Su Kim, Insop Shim. (2012, April 1). Tremella fuciformis enhances the neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells and restores trimethyltin-induced impairment of memory in rats via activation of CREB transcription and cholinergic systems. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0166432811008163?via%3Dihub

• NEUROGENESIS: Wong, K. H., Naidu, M., David, P., Abdulla, M. A., Abdullah, N., Kuppusamy, U. R., & Sabaratnam, V. (2011). Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Following Crush Injury to Rat Peroneal Nerve by Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae). Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2011, 580752. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neq062

• NEUROGENESIS: Ma BJ, Shen JW, Yu HY, Ruan Y, Wu TT, Zhao Z, Hericenones and erinacines: stimulators of nerve growth factor (NGF) biosynthesis in Hericium erinaceus, Mycology. 2010;1:92–98. 

• NEUROGENESIS: Wong KH, Naidu M, David RP, Bakar R, Sabaratnam V. Neuroregenerative potential of Lion’s Mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. (higher Basidiomycetes), in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury (review). Int. J. Med. Mushrooms. 2012;14:427−446.

• NEUROGENESIS: Lee, KF, Chen, JH, Teng, CC, Shen, CH, Hsieh, MC, et al. Protective effects of Hericium erinaceus mycelium and its isolated erinacine A against ischemia-injury-induced neuronal cell death via the inhibition of iNOS/p38 MAPK and nitrotyrosine. Int. J.Mol. Sci. 2014;15:15073−15089.

• NEUROGENESIS: Shan-hui Hsu, Shan-Ho Chan, Chih-tsung Weng, Shu-Hui Yang, And Ching-Fen Jiang, S.-H. (2013, August 21). Long-Term Regeneration and Functional Recovery of a 15 mm Critical Nerve Gap Bridged by Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharide-Immobilized Polylactide Conduits. Hindawi. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/959261/

• NEUROGENESIS: Wong, K. H., Naidu, M., David, P., Abdulla, M. A., Abdullah, N., Kuppusamy, U. R., & Sabaratnam, V. (2011). Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Following Crush Injury to Rat Peroneal Nerve by Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae). Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2011, 580752. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neq062
• NEUROGENESIS: Zhu, X., Li, S., Li, X., Li, H., & Zhang, X. (2019). Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides enhance the neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in a mouse model of sleep deprivation. Food & function, 10(12), 7822-7832.

• NEUROPROTECTIVE: Kim, M. K.; Choi, W. Y.; Lee, H. Y. Enhancement of the neuroprotective activity of Hericium erinaceus mycelium co-cultivated with Allium sativum extract. Arch. Physiol. Biochem. 2015;121:19−25.

• NEUROPROTECTIVE: Zongying Liu, Qinglong Wang, Jian Cui, Lili Xiong, Wei Wang, Diqiang Li, Na Liu, Yiran Wu, & Canquan Mao. (2015, March). Systemic Screening of Strains of the Lion’s Mane Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) and Its Protective Effects on Aβ-Triggered Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells. National Library of Medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25954906/ 

• NERVE GROWTH FACTOR: Mori, K.; Obara, Y.; Hirota, M.; Azumi, Y.; Kinugasa, S.; Inatomi, S.; Nakahata, N. Nerve growth factor-inducing activity of Hericium erinaceus in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2008;31:1727−1732.

• NERVE GROWTH FACTOR: Ma BJ, Shen JW, Yu HY, Ruan Y, Wu TT, Zhao Z, Hericenones and erinacines: stimulators of nerve growth factor (NGF) biosynthesis in Hericium erinaceus, Mycology. 2010;1:92–98.

• MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: Lion’s mane and multiple sclerosis: Is it effective? Medically reviewed by Heidi Moawad, M.D. — Written by Caitlin Geng on August 12, 2021 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lions-mane-and-multiple-sclerosis

• ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: Protective role of Cordyceps militaris in Aβ1–42-induced Alzheimer’s disease in vivo Mei Tong He, Ah Young Lee, Ji Hyun Kim, Chan Hum Park, Yu Su Shin, Eun Ju Cho - Food Sci Biotechnol. 2019 Jun; 28(3): 865–872. Published online 2018 Dec 4. doi: 10.1007/s10068-018-0521-z PMCID: PMC6484065

• ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: Cora Sau-Wan Lai, Man-Shan Yu, Wai-Hung Yuen, Kwok-Fai So, Sze-Yong Zee, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang. (2008, January 23). Antagonizing β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity of the anti-aging fungus Ganoderma lucidum. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006899307026480?via%3Dihub 

Sleep & Fatigue

• ANTI-FATIGUE: Geng, P., Siu, K. C., Wang, Z., & Wu, J. Y. (2017). Antifatigue Functions and Mechanisms of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms. BioMed research international, 2017, 9648496. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9648496

• SLEEP + MOOD: Vigna, L., Morelli, F., Agnelli, G. M., Napolitano, F., Ratto, D., Occhinegro, A., Di Iorio, C., Savino, E., Girometta, C., Brandalise, F., & Rossi, P. (2019). Hericium erinaceus Improves Mood and Sleep Disorders in Patients Affected by Overweight or Obesity: Could Circulating Pro-BDNF and BDNF Be Potential Biomarkers?. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2019, 7861297. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7861297

• SLEEP + MOOD: Luisella Vigna, L., Federica Morelli, Gianna M. Agnelli, Filomena Napolitano, Daniela Ratto, Alessandra Occhinegro, Carmine Di Iorio, Elena Savino, Carolina Girometta, Federico Brandalise, & Paola Rossi. (2019, April 18). Hericium erinaceus Improves Mood and Sleep Disorders in Patients Affected by Overweight or Obesity: Could Circulating Pro-BDNF and BDNF Be Potential Biomarkers? Hindawi. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2019/7861297/

• SLEEP + MOOD: Vigna, L., Morelli, F., Agnelli, G. M., Napolitano, F., Ratto, D., Occhinegro, A., Di Iorio, C., Savino, E., Girometta, C., Brandalise, F., & Rossi, P. (2019). Hericium erinaceus Improves Mood and Sleep Disorders in Patients Affected by Overweight or Obesity: Could Circulating Pro-BDNF and BDNF Be Potential Biomarkers?. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2019, 7861297. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7861297

• SLEEP: Yao, C., Wang, Z., Jiang, H., Yan, R., Huang, Q., Wang, Y., … Lv, L. (2021). Ganoderma lucidum promotes sleep through a gut microbiota-dependent and serotonin-involved pathway in mice. Scientific Reports, 11(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92913-6

• SLEEP: Cui XY, Cui SY, Zhang J, Wang ZJ, Yu B, Sheng ZF, Zhang XQ, Zhang YH. Extract of Ganoderma lucidum prolongs sleep time in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Feb 15;139(3):796-800. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.020. Epub 2011 Dec 21. PMID: 22207209 

• SLEEP: Xia Feng, Yan Wang. (2019, April 30). Anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and sedative-hypnotic activities of lucidone D extracted from Ganoderma lucidum. National Library of Medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31078150/

• SLEEP: Qing-Ping Chu, Li-En Wang, Xiang-Yu Cui, Hong-Zheng Fu, Zhi-Bin Lin, Shu-Qian Lin, Yong-He Zhang. (2017, April). Extract of Ganoderma lucidum potentiates pentobarbital-induced sleep via a GABAergic mechanism. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S009130570700086X?via%3Dihub